EBD Step 3: Critically Interpret Evidence

Is the information credible (a defined scope from a reliable source), actionable (suited to your organization), and generalizable (are outcomes transferable to a clinic setting)?.

Consider the quality of the research design and measurement tools. The range of hierarchy spans from very subjective and context specific, such as opinions, through Post-Occupancy Evaluations, Case Studies, Surveys, and through to more objective types of studies, such as Controlled Observational Studies, Quasi-Experimental Studies, and Randomized Control Trials. Systematic Reviews can be a good resource to understand the breadth of studies within a topic area, as well as an overview of the consistency of findings.

When considering evidence, reliability and validity are key considerations. Validity is the extent to which a measurement tool measure what it should, and reliability is the degree to which the tool will yield similar results at different times or with different people. For example on a more subjective scale, opinions may not be valid or reliable, but a survey using a validated survey instrument may provide more meaningful results.

Consider multiple studies (when available) with differing results or other changes (multiple simultaneous interventions) that could affect study outcomes. Before making decisions, ask the team to whether there were conflicting findings or confounding variables.

Based upon the available research, there may be some design ideas you want to incorporate into the facility. This may affect the capital budget, but should be evaluated against the long-term benefits and operating costs. Establishing a life-cycle analysis of ROI should support your business case.